Something You Need to know about PKD

Polycystic kidney disease is a common kind of hereditary kidney disease. The main manifestation is many cyst in different size grow on both sides kidney. Cyst increase progressively. And finally these cysts destroy the structure and function of the kidney and then lead to final stage kidney failure. Polycystic kidney disease always happened in the kidney. The cardinal symptoms are renal cyst, pain bleed, hypertension and renal function slow down. The major etiology is genetic inheritance. As the mode of inheritance is different, polycystic kidney disease can divide into autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD) and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). Generally speaking, ADPKD are usually found in the middle age. It also can found in any time of life. ARPKD is often develop in babyhood. ADPKD is the most common single-gene heredity nephropathy. Incidence rate stay at 1/1000-1/4000. Age of onset is 30-50 years old. ADPKD not only involve cyst of liver, but also together with cyst of liver, Pancreatic Cyst, Intracranial aneurysm, Heart valve abnormal and so on. So ADPKD is also a systemic disease.
50% of the ADPKD patients who are more than 60 years old will develop into final stage kidney failure. That is about 5%-10% in the end-stage renal failure etiological factors. Most of ARPKD patients are baby. Few of ARPKA patients are children or teen-agers. The incidence rate is very low. ADPKD children patients die of respiratory failure or renal failure. When they grow up, their kidney collecting tube will expand, and then developed into renal failure. If polycystic kidney disease is ADPKD ,according to genetic development rules, disease from generation to generation, Morbidity risk rate male and female patients probability is same。 If one of the parents inject disease, then the children will get easily. But about 40% patients have no family history. Maybe for the patient's own caused by gene mutations.