Something You Should Know about Hypertensive Nephropathy

Hypertensive nephropathy is the benign small arteries nephrosclerosis (also known as hypertension and renal arteriosclerosis) caused by primary hypertensive and malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis.It is accompanied by corresponding clinical manifestation, hypertension and renal failure. The patient who suffers from hypertensive nephropathy always has perenial history of hypertension, his renal tubular damage is earlier than that in glomerular, nocturia increases, urinary concentration dysfunction, urine changes to lighter, mild proteinuria appears , hematuria and tubular are seen below the microscopic , and he often has other target organ complications of hypertension.
Physical examinations of hypertensive nephropathy are found :general blood pressure increases persistent (/ Kpa / mmHg or more); some of the eyelids and / or lower extremity edema, heart border to expand; most arteriosclerotic retinopathy, fundus stripe flame-shaped hemorrhage and cotton wool softexudation in support of the malignant renal atherosclerosis diagnosis with hypertensive encephalopathy can locate signs of nervous system.
Causes of morbidity
The kidney itself is a large blood ball , used to filter toxins from the body, and prevent protein, blood cells and other substances leaking from blood vessels.Hypertension makes the intravascular blood pressure increased,which can make the protein leak.Once the protein leaks, the kidneys filter system will be damaged, and result in a vicious cycle.The damage caused by long time is difficult to reverse ,kidney compensatory increases until failure in advance. This is why having hematuria is not terrible, but proteinuria. The common causes are: The incidence of the damage of hypertensive renal has a positive correlation with the severity and the duration of hypertension.Other possible affecting facters include gender, race, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hyperuricemia.The factors affect each other,that aggravates the damage of kidney.Men are more susceptible to kidney damage than women.The age of onset of essential hypertension is generally 25 - 45 years old, while the age of clinical symptoms of kidney damage caused by hypertension is generally 40 - 60 years old.The earliest symptoms may be nocturia increasing,that reflects the tubular already appears ischemic lesions ,and the function of urine concentration begins to subside.Then appearing proteinuria shows the glomerular has occurred lesions.The degree of proteinuria is generally from mild to moderate (+ or ++),the volume of urinary protein is generally not more than 2 g,but a few patients have a large number of proteinuria.The red blood cells and tubula of urinary sediment microscopy examination are few.Because of glomerular capillary rupturing ,several patients occurs transient gross hematuria.The research shows that one ten thousandth of the patiens with essential hypertension will develop into renal failure .The renal function of the patients with hypertension not treated reduces more significantly than those without hypertension.
Frequently we can find that other organs caused by essential hypertension are mainly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.These complications maybe appear earlier and sicker than kidney damage,and they are the primary or key factor for affecting prognosis.The most common cardiac complications is Hypertension left ventricular hypertrophy,meanwhile easily merging cardiac failure; Coronary heart disease and angina;Cerebrovascular complications are cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction.In our country cerebrovascular accident in the cause of death of essential hypertension is in the first place.Essential hypertension can also cause retina arteriosclerosis,and furtherly cause Arteriosclerotic retinopathy.The degree of retina arteriosclerosis has a positive correlation with blood pressure,which relates with diastolic blood pressure closer.Retina arteriosclerosis is genernally parallel with the degree of renal arteriosclerosis ,which can roughly affect the situation of renal artery,so fundus examination is very importantly.